Statistical directional transmitter



Sept. 1, 1931. A. N. GOLDSMITH 1 1,821,383

STATISTICAL DIRECTIONAL TRANSMITTER Filed June 16, 1925 3440mm ALFRED N. GOLDSMITH Patented Sept. 1, 1931 UNETED STATES ALFRED N. GOLDSMITH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE STATISTICAL DIRECTIONAL TRANSMITTER Application filed June 16, 1925.

The nature of this invention relates to a statistical directional transmitter for sending of signals by radio energy or wireless telegraphy. Its primary purpose 1s to prevent the common and wide spread experience of the fading of signals in receiving apparatus.

This device accomplishes this purpose by so arranging the sending apparatus that an m infinite number of paths might be taken by the carrier wave in its course between the sending device and the receiver. Ordinarily in the common sending arrangement only a limited number of paths are possible.

It is generally conceded that fading is due to refraction or reflection of the carrier wave as it rises in the ether. This refracted wave interferes with the horizontal wave in such a way as to produce null points. In this arrangement, the signals are sent in an infinite number of directions at difi'erent times.

Further objects and advantages may be readily seen in connection with the annexed detailed description, claims and drawlngs in which 2- Fig. 1 shows one type of sending arrangement and Fig. 2, a modification.

1 and 2 represent two directional antennae disposed at an angle of 90 to each other. These may be in the form of a well known wave antenna with grounds at 3, energizing coils 7 and 9 and coupling coils 8 and 10. These coils are energized by the conductors 4, 5 and 6 which have radio frequency oscillations in them varying in intensity alternately.

11 and 12 as shown in Fig.2 are loop antennae with the same energizing coils 7 and 9 coupled to coils 8 and 10 as above described.

Conductors 4, 5 and 6 may be connected to a rotating system such as 13, 14 and 15 rotating about connecting axle 16. Seg- Serial No. 37,443.

ments 14 are composed of some good quality insulating material and whenever these segments come into contact with brushes 18 or 19 the circuit to the conductors 4 and 6 are interrupted respectively. The conductors 5.

are connected to a master oscillator 20. The other side of this oscillator is connected to both disks as at 17 Now when radio frequency oscillations are developed in the oscillator 20, the disks are so arranged that when one of the insulating segments 14 is in contact with one of the brushes 18 or 19, the insulting segment 14 on the other of the disks will be out of contact with its respective brush thereby permitting the oscillating currents to flow through that brush, about the windings 8 or 10 and back over conductor 5 to the master oscillator 20.

Thus it can be seen that a direction effect;

will be alternately produced and a sending of oscillations from the antennae 11 and 12 or 1 and 2 as the case may be, first, north and south and then east and west respectively. This will produce the equivalent of,

a rotating or oscillating system of radiant electric waves. This will effect an infinite number of paths through which the oscillations may reach a receiving apparatus conveniently located. sirable efl'ects of-fading can be obviated.

hile this disclosure is specific to two modifications, it is not intended that it be so limited but that any well known and obvious expedient to those skilled in the art might be In this way the underight angles to each other the alternate transmission occurring at such a speed that the strength of the transmitted signal at a receiving station is maintained substantially constant.

2. A method for eliminating fading during the transmission of intelligence on electromagnetic Waves Which includes sending I out alternately and in right angled directions only linearly polarized waves and Varying the polarization plane from one right angled direction to another abruptly and periodically in extremely rapid succession. 7

ALFRED GOLDSMITH. 

